4-10. The Global Spread of ISO Standards and Certification Trends in Various Countries

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) develops international standards adopted by countries around the world across various fields, including quality, environment, health and safety, and information security. ISO standards serve as a testament to a company's international credibility, making them an essential factor for companies doing business in the global market. Specifically, ISO 9001 (quality), ISO 14001 (environment), and ISO 45001 (occupational health and safety) are widely adopted by manufacturing and service industries alike, influencing a company's sustainability and competitiveness.

1. The Growth of ISO Standards

The adoption of ISO standards has accelerated with the rise of the global economy. As international trade and multinational corporations emerged, a need for common rules and quality assurance frameworks became apparent, moving away from a time when each country used different standards. As a result, ISO standards now act as a "common language of trade," and they're increasingly becoming a condition for business, especially for companies involved in importing and exporting. Furthermore, with the growing importance of ESG investing and sustainability, ISO standards are positioned as a foundation for building corporate credibility.

2. Major Standards and Adoption Trends by Country

• ISO 9001 (Quality Management Systems): This is the most widely adopted standard globally, and its use has spread from manufacturing to service sectors, including educational institutions and government agencies. It is particularly popular in Europe and Asia, and it is often a requirement for international business.

• ISO 14001 (Environmental Management Systems): Adoption is growing, especially in Europe where environmental regulations are getting stricter. It's also gaining momentum in countries with major manufacturing hubs like Japan and China. The standard's importance is increasing as companies work toward a decarbonized society.

• ISO 45001 (Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems): This standard aligns with the International Labour Organization (ILO)'s criteria and is particularly noticeable in industries with high occupational risk and in companies with global operations. Demand is high in Europe and North America, with expanding adoption across Asia.

• ISO 27001 (Information Security Management): With the advance of digitalization, adoption is rapidly increasing, especially in the US, Europe, and Japan. This standard is becoming essential for cybersecurity.

3. Certification Bodies and Country-Specific Trends

ISO certification is obtained through national certification bodies. In Japan, for example, JQA and JICQA are leading organizations. In Europe, certification is often a prerequisite for business, directly affecting a company's competitiveness. In some developing countries, the barriers to obtaining certification can be high, but the number of certifications is increasing as companies aiming for the international market actively pursue them.

4. Future Outlook and Implications for Businesses

ISO standards are expected to become even more important for international business and investment decisions. There is a possibility that new standards for sustainability and carbon footprint assessment will be developed, so companies will need to act early. Additionally, there is a growing trend towards adopting "integrated management systems," which combine multiple ISO standards, emphasizing efficient operations and their integration into business strategy.

Summary

For businesses, the global adoption of ISO standards is not just about getting a certification; it is key to ensuring credibility and strengthening competitiveness in the global market. Strategically using ISO standards, while considering certification trends in various countries, will lead to sustainable growth and an increase in corporate value.