4-12. EHS Challenges and SDGs in Emerging African Nations

Emerging African nations, with their rich resources and growth potential, are attracting global companies. However, from an EHS (Environmental, Health & Safety) perspective, many challenges exist, and the connection to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is becoming increasingly important. For companies to operate sustainably in these countries, they must understand these challenges and implement strategies that align with the SDGs.

1. Environmental Challenges and Their Link to the SDGs

Environmental issues like deforestation, desertification, and water scarcity are serious problems in Africa. Land-use changes from mining and agricultural expansion threaten ecosystems and impact the livelihoods of local communities. These issues are directly linked to SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) and SDG 15 (Life on Land). Companies need to invest in water use efficiency, wastewater treatment, and sustainable land management.

2. Occupational Health and Safety, and Securing Human Capital

In many emerging countries, occupational health and safety laws are either underdeveloped or poorly enforced. High-risk industries like mining and construction often see frequent accidents and occupational diseases, with working conditions that fall below ILO standards. To address SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), companies must take the initiative to provide safety training, offer protective equipment, and manage working hours according to international standards.

3. Supply Chains and Human Rights Due Diligence

Child and forced labor continue to be issues in emerging African nations. There is growing international scrutiny and regulation on resource supply chains, particularly those involving conflict minerals, making this a crucial area linked to SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions). Following the trend of mandatory human rights due diligence in Europe, Japanese companies must also ensure transparency and strengthen their audit systems throughout their supply chains.

4. Public Health and Coexistence with Communities

Public health challenges like malaria, infectious diseases, and HIV/AIDS directly affect a stable workforce and trust with local communities. To contribute to SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being), companies can effectively support local healthcare and promote prevention programs. A commitment to coexisting with the community, through support for education and infrastructure development, is also vital for long-term business continuity.

5. Required Actions for Companies

To address EHS challenges in emerging African nations, companies should implement the following measures:

• Adhere to international standards by adopting ISO 14001 and ISO 45001.

• Set EHS goals linked to the SDGs and manage them with KPIs.

• Build a human rights due diligence system across the entire supply chain.

• Engage in dialogue with local residents to gain consensus and carry out social contribution activities.

• Disclose information on EHS activities and contributions to the SDGs for investors.

Summary

The EHS challenges in emerging African nations are complex and multifaceted, requiring a comprehensive approach that considers their link to the SDGs. By integrating environmental protection, worker safety, human rights, and community coexistence, companies can simultaneously achieve sustainable development and enhance their corporate value.